Belief in life after death
“They will say: ‘Woe to us! Who has raised us up from our place of sleep.’ [It will be said to them]:’This is what the Most Gracious {Allah} had promised, and the Messengers spoke truth”   Qur’an 36:52
Islamic doctrine holds that human existence continues after the death of the human body in the form of spiritual and physical resurrection.
There is a direct relation between conduct on earth and life beyond. The afterlife will be one of rewards and punishments which is commensurate with earthily conduct. A Day will come when God will resurrect and gather the first and last of His creation and judge everyone justly. People will enter their final abode, Hell or Paradise. Faith in life after death urges us to do right and to stay away from sin. In this life we sometimes see the pious suffer and the impious enjoy. All shall be judged one day and justice will be served. Faith in life after death is one of the six fundamental beliefs required of a Muslim
to complete his faith.
The dead have a continued and conscious existence of a kind in the grave. Muslims believe that, upon dying, a person enters an intermediate phase of life between death and resurrection. Many events take place in this new ”world”, such as the “trial” of the grave, where everyone will be questioned by angles about their religion, prophet and Lord. The grave is a garden of paradise or a pit of hell; angels of mercy visit the souls of believers and angels of punishment come for the unbelievers. Resurrection will be preceded by the end of the world. God will command a magnificent angel to blow the Horn. At its first blowing, all the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth will fall unconscious, except those spared by God. The earth will be flattened, the mountains turned into dust, the sky will crack, planets will be dispersed, and the graves overturned. People will be resurrected into their original physical bodies from their graves, thereby entering the third and final phase of life. The horn will blow again upon which people will rise up from their graves, resuurected! God will gather all humans and jinns believers and unbelieves, demons, even wild animals. It will be auniversal gathering. The angels will drive all humanbeings naked, uncircumcised and bare-footed to the Great Plain of Gathering. People will stand in wait for judgement and humanity will sweat in agony. The righteous will be sheltered under the shade of God’s Magnificent Throne.
When the condition becomes unbearable, people will request the prophets and the messengers to intercede with God on their behalf to save them from distress. The balances will be set and the deeds of men will be weighed. Disclosure of the Records of the deeds performed in this life will follow. The one who will receive his record in his right hand will have an easy reckoning. He will happily return to his family. However, the person who will receive his record in his left hand would wish he were dead as he will be thrown into the Fire. He will be full of regrets and will wish that he were not handed his record or he had not known it.
 
Allah, the Exalted, says: “They await only a single Saihah (shout) which will seize them while they are disputing! Then they will not be able to make bequest, nor they will return to their family. And the Trumpet will be blown (i.e. the second blowing) and behold from the graves they will come out quickly to their Lord. They will say: “Woe to us! Who has raised us up from our place of sleep.” (It will be said to them): “This is what the Most Gracious (Allah) had promised, and the Messengers spoke truth!”
 
It will be but a single Saihah (shout), so behold they will all be brought up before us! This Day (Day of Reurrection), none will be wronged in anything, nor will you be requited anything except that which you used to do. Verily, the dwellers of the Paradise, that Day, will be busy with joyfull things. They and their wives will be in pleasant shade, reclining on thrones. They will have therein fruits (of all kinds) and all that they ask for. (It will be said to them): “Salaam (peace be on you ) - a Word from the Lord (Allah), Most Merciful. (It will be said): “And O you Mujrimuun (criminals, polytheists, sinners, disbelievers in the Islamic Monotheism, wicked, evil ones)! Get you apart this Day (from the believers). Did I not command you, O Children of Adam, that you should not worship Shaitaan (Satan). Verily, he is a plain enemy to you. And that you should worship Me (Alone - Islamic Monotheism, and set up not rivals, associate - gods with Me). That is the Straight Path. And Indeed he (Satan) did lead astray a great multitude of you. Did you not, then, understand? This is Hell which you were promised! Burn therein this Day, for that you used to disbelieve.”    Qur’an 36:49-64
 
Then God will judge His creation. They will be reminded and informed of their good deeds and sins. The faithful will acknowledge their failings and be forgiven. The disbelievers will have no good deeds to declare because unbelievers are rewarded for them in this life. The Siraat is a bridge that will be established over Hell extending to Paradise. Anyone who is steadfast on God’s religion in this life will find it easy to pass it. Paradise and Hell will be the final dwelling places for the faithful and the damned after the Last Judgement. They are real and eternal. The bliss of the people of Paradise shall never end and the punishment of unbelievers condemned to Hell shall never cease. Unlike a pass-fail system in some other belief-systems, the Islamic view is more sophisticated and conveys a higher level of divine justice. This can be seen in two ways. First, some believers may suffer in Hell for unrepented, cardinal sins. Second, both Paradise and Hell have levels. Paradise is the eternal garden of physical pleasures and spiritual delights. Suffering will be absent and bodily desires will be satisfied. All wishes will be met. Palaces, servants, riches, streams of wine, milk and honey, pleasant fragrances, soothing voices, pure partners for intimacy; a person will never get bored or have enough! The greatest bliss, though, will be the vision of their Lord of which the unbelievers will be deprived. Hell is an infernal place of punishment for unbelievers and purification for sinful believers. Torture and punishment for the body and the soul, burning by fire, boiling water to drink, scalding food to eat, chains, and choking columns of fire. Unbelievers will eternally damned to it, whereas sinful believers will eventually be taken out of Hell and enter Paradise. Paradise is for those who worshipped God alone, believed and followed their prophet, and lived moral lives according to the teachings of scripture. Hell will be the final dwelling place of those who denied God, worshipped other beings besides God, rejected the call of the prophets, and lead sinful, unrepentant lives.
And instead (of thanking Allah) for the provision He gives you, you deny (Him by disbelief)! Then why do you not (intervene) when (the soul of a dying person) reaches the throat? And you at the moment are looking on, But We (i.e. Our angels who take the soul) are nearer to him than you, but you see not, Then why do you not - if you are exempt from the reckoning and recompense (punishment) - Bring back the soul (to its body), if you are truthful?
Qur'an  56:82-87